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令牌窃取: 以系统权限启动或降权启动程序

通过复制已有程序的令牌，可以获得比普通管理员更高级的System权限，也可以获取低权限进程的令牌实现降权，System权限可以做很多平时做不了的事，正因如此也非常危险，不要拿来干坏事！

2021.12.2

  • 新增V1版本
  • 更新 使用RtlAdjustPrivilege方法获取SeDebugPrivilege

2021.12.3

  • 新增RunAsUser方法，强制降权默认以管理员权限启动的程序，由@dbgba提供

V1版本：

/********************************************************************************
* @brief 获取指定进程的令牌，可借此以System权限或低权限用户身份启动进程，使用时需要管理员权限
* @param targetPID 进程标识，将复制其令牌
* @param exePath 可执行程序路径, 使用获取的令牌启动的可执行程序
* @param cmd optional 启动命令
* @return 成功返回新进程id
* @example
RunAsAdmin()
StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), "cmd.exe", "/k whoami") ; 以system身份打开cmd
StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), "cmd.exe", "/k whoami") ; 以普通用户身份打开cmd
*******************************************************************************
*/
StealToken(targetPID, exePath, cmd := "") {
	; Enable SeDebugPrivilege
	; http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/ntdll/RtlAdjustPrivilege.html
	DllCall("Ntdll\RtlAdjustPrivilege", "uint", 0x14, "char", 1, "char", 0, "ptr*", 0)

	; Get handle of target process
	; PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION (0x0400) PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION (0x1000)
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-openprocess
	if (!hProcess := DllCall("OpenProcess", "uint", 0x0400, "int", 1, "uint", targetPID))
		if (!hProcess := DllCall("OpenProcess", "uint", 0x1000, "int", 1, "uint", targetPID))
			throw Exception(A_LastError)

	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-openprocesstoken
	; TOKEN_DUPLICATE | TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY | TOKEN_QUERY
	if (!DllCall("OpenProcessToken", "ptr", hProcess, "uint", 0x0002 | 0x0001 | 0x0008, "ptr*", hTokenTargetProcess)) {
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Exception(err)
	}

	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-impersonateloggedonuser
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\ImpersonateLoggedOnUser", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Exception(err)
	}
	DllCall("Advapi32\RevertToSelf")

	; Duplicate Token now
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-duplicatetokenex
	; TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT | TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID | TOKEN_QUERY | TOKEN_DUPLICATE | TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY , SecurityImpersonation(2), TokenPrimary(1)
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\DuplicateTokenEx", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess, "uint", 0x0080 | 0x0100 | 0x0008 | 0x0002 | 0x0001, "ptr", 0, "uint", 2, "uint", 1, "ptr*", hTokenDuplicate, "int"){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Exception(err)
	}

	; Prepare for startupinfo and processinfo struct
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/ns-winbase-startupinfoexa
	VarSetCapacity(pStartInfo, startInfoSize := 104, 0), VarSetCapacity(pProcessInfo, 24)
	NumPut(startInfoSize, pStartInfo, 0, "uint"), NumPut(&str := "winsta0\default", pStartInfo, 16, "ptr"), NumPut(1, pStartInfo, 64, "ushort")

	; Create process with duplicate token
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-createprocesswithtokenw
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\CreateProcessWithTokenW", "ptr", hTokenDuplicate, "uint", 0, "ptr", &exePath, "ptr", &(cmd := A_Space cmd), "uint", 0x00000010, "ptr", 0, "ptr", 0, "ptr", &pStartInfo, "ptr", &pProcessInfo){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenDuplicate)
		throw Exception(err)
	}
	; Close all handles
	DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", NumGet(pProcessInfo, 0, "ptr")), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", NumGet(pProcessInfo, 8, "ptr"))
	return NumGet(pProcessInfo, 16, "uint")
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 查找指定文件的创建的进程
* @param exeName 可执行文件名，不包含路径
* @return 找到符合条件的第一个进程反回其进程id，否则返回0
* @example MsgBox FindProcess("winlogon.exe")
*******************************************************************************
*/
FindProcess(exeName) {
	VarSetCapacity(pPssInfo, size := 304), NumPut(size, pPssInfo, 0, "uint")
	; CreateToolhelp32Snapshot https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/tlhelp32/nf-tlhelp32-createtoolhelp32snapshot
	if (-1 = pssSnap := DllCall("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot", "uint", 0x2, "uint", 0, "ptr"))
		throw Exception(A_LastError)
	if (!DllCall("Process32First", "ptr", pssSnap, "ptr", &pPssInfo, "int")){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", pssSnap)
		throw Exception(err)
	}
	loop {
		; PROCESSENTRY32 structure https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/tlhelp32/ns-tlhelp32-processentry32
		if (exeName = StrGet(&pPssInfo + 44, "CP936")){
			DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", pssSnap)
			return NumGet(pPssInfo, 8, "uint")
		}
	} until !DllCall("Process32Next","ptr", pssSnap, "ptr", &pPssInfo, "int")
	DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", pssSnap)
	return 0
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 放在脚本开头，如果不是system身份，则以system身份重启
* @example
RunAsSystem()
MsgBox, 当前身份：%A_UserName%
*******************************************************************************
*/
RunAsSystem(){
	; try{
		if ("SYSTEM" == A_UserName)
			return
		if (A_IsAdmin)
			if (A_IsCompiled)
				StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart")
			else
				StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart " A_ScriptFullPath)
		else if !(DllCall("GetCommandLine", "str") ~= " /restart(?!\S)")
			if (A_IsCompiled)
				Run *RunAs "%A_ScriptFullPath%" /restart
			else
				Run *RunAs "%A_AhkPath%" /restart "%A_ScriptFullPath%"
	; }
	ExitApp
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 放在脚本开头，以普通用户权限重启
* @example
RunAsUser()
MsgBox, 是否为管理员：%A_IsAdmin%
*******************************************************************************
*/
RunAsUser(){
	if A_IsAdmin {
		RegRead, AhkPathReg, HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers,%A_AhkPath%
		if (AhkPathReg!="")
			RegDelete, HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers,%A_AhkPath%
		if A_IsCompiled
			StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), A_ScriptFullPath, "/restart")
		  else
			StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart """ A_ScriptFullPath """")
		if (AhkPathReg!="")
			RegWrite, REG_SZ, HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers,%A_AhkPath%, %AhkPathReg%
		ExitApp
	}
}

; 以管理员权限重启
RunAsAdmin(){
	full_command_line := DllCall("GetCommandLine", "str")
	if not (A_IsAdmin or RegExMatch(full_command_line, " /restart(?!\S)")) {
		try {
			if A_IsCompiled
				Run *RunAs "%A_ScriptFullPath%" /restart
			else
				Run *RunAs "%A_AhkPath%" /restart "%A_ScriptFullPath%"
		}
		ExitApp
	}
}

V2 版本：

/********************************************************************************
* @brief 获取指定进程的令牌，可借此以System权限和其他用户身份启动进程，使用时需要管理员权限
* @param targetPID 进程标识，将复制其令牌
* @param exePath 可执行程序路径, 使用获取的令牌启动的可执行程序
* @param cmd optional 启动命令
* @return 成功返回新进程id
* @example
RunAsAdmin()
StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), "cmd.exe", "/k whoami") ; 以system身份打开cmd
StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), "cmd.exe", "/k whoami") ; 以普通用户身份打开cmd
********************************************************************************/
StealToken(targetPID, exePath, cmd := "") {
	; Enable SeDebugPrivilege
	; http://pinvoke.net/default.aspx/ntdll/RtlAdjustPrivilege.html
	DllCall("Ntdll\RtlAdjustPrivilege", "uint", 0x14, "char", 1, "char", 0, "ptr*", 0)

	; Get handle of target process
	; PROCESS_QUERY_INFORMATION (0x0400) PROCESS_QUERY_LIMITED_INFORMATION (0x1000)
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-openprocess
	if !hProcess := DllCall("OpenProcess", "uint", 0x0400, "int", 1, "uint", targetPID)
		if !hProcess := DllCall("OpenProcess", "uint", 0x1000, "int", 1, "uint", targetPID)
			throw Error(err := A_LastError)

	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/processthreadsapi/nf-processthreadsapi-openprocesstoken
	; TOKEN_DUPLICATE | TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY | TOKEN_QUERY
	if !DllCall("OpenProcessToken", "ptr", hProcess, "uint", 0x0002 | 0x0001 | 0x0008, "ptr*", &hTokenTargetProcess := 0) {
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Error(err)
	}

	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-impersonateloggedonuser
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\ImpersonateLoggedOnUser", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Error(err)
	}
	DllCall("Advapi32\RevertToSelf")

	; Duplicate Token now
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/securitybaseapi/nf-securitybaseapi-duplicatetokenex
	; TOKEN_ADJUST_DEFAULT | TOKEN_ADJUST_SESSIONID | TOKEN_QUERY | TOKEN_DUPLICATE | TOKEN_ASSIGN_PRIMARY , SecurityImpersonation(2), TokenPrimary(1)
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\DuplicateTokenEx", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess, "uint", 0x0080 | 0x0100 | 0x0008 | 0x0002 | 0x0001, "ptr", 0, "uint", 2, "uint", 1, "ptr*", &hTokenDuplicate := 0, "int"){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess)
		throw Error(err)
	}

	; Prepare for startupinfo and processinfo struct
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/ns-winbase-startupinfoexa
	pStartInfo := Buffer(104, 0), pProcessInfo := Buffer(24)
	NumPut("uint", pStartInfo.Size, pStartInfo, 0), NumPut("ptr", StrPtr("winsta0\default"), pStartInfo, 16), NumPut("ushort", 1, pStartInfo, 64)

	; Create process with duplicate token
	; https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/winbase/nf-winbase-createprocesswithtokenw
	if !DllCall("Advapi32\CreateProcessWithTokenW", "ptr", hTokenDuplicate, "uint", 0, "ptr", StrPtr(exePath), "ptr", cmd ? StrPtr(A_Space cmd) : 0, "uint", 0x00000010, "ptr", 0, "ptr", 0, "ptr", pStartInfo, "ptr", pProcessInfo){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenTargetProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hTokenDuplicate)
		throw Error(err)
	}
	; Close all handles
	DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", hProcess), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", NumGet(pProcessInfo, 0, "ptr")), DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", NumGet(pProcessInfo, 8, "ptr"))
	return NumGet(pProcessInfo, 16, "uint")
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 查找指定文件的创建的进程
* @param exeName 可执行文件名，不包含路径
* @return 找到符合条件的第一个进程反回其进程id，否则返回0
* @example MsgBox FindProcess("winlogon.exe")
********************************************************************************/
FindProcess(exeName){
	pProcessInfo := Buffer(304), NumPut("uint", pProcessInfo.Size, pProcessInfo, 0)
	; CreateToolhelp32Snapshot https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/tlhelp32/nf-tlhelp32-createtoolhelp32snapshot
	if -1 = processSnapShot := DllCall("CreateToolhelp32Snapshot", "uint", 0x2, "uint", 0, "ptr")
		throw Error(A_LastError)
	; Process32First Process32Next https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/tlhelp32/nf-tlhelp32-process32first
	if (!DllCall("Process32First", "ptr", processSnapShot, "ptr", pProcessInfo.Ptr, "int")){
		err := A_LastError, DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", processSnapShot)
		throw Error(err)
	}
	loop {
		; PROCESSENTRY32 structure https://docs.microsoft.com/en-us/windows/win32/api/tlhelp32/ns-tlhelp32-processentry32
		if exeName = found := StrGet(pProcessInfo.Ptr + 44, "CP936"){
			DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", processSnapShot)
			return NumGet(pProcessInfo, 8, "uint")
		}
	} until !DllCall("Process32Next", "ptr", processSnapShot, "ptr", pProcessInfo.Ptr, "int")
	DllCall("CloseHandle", "ptr", processSnapShot)
	return 0
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 放在脚本开头，如果不是system身份，则以system身份重启
* @example RunAsSystem(), MsgBox("当前身份：" A_UserName)
********************************************************************************/
RunAsSystem(){
	try{
		if "SYSTEM" = A_UserName
			return
		if A_IsAdmin
			if A_IsCompiled
				StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart")
			else
				StealToken(FindProcess("winlogon.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart " A_ScriptFullPath)
		else if !(DllCall("GetCommandLine", "str") ~= " /restart(?!\S)")
			if A_IsCompiled
				Run '*RunAs "' A_ScriptFullPath '" /restart'
			else
				Run '*RunAs "' A_AhkPath '" /restart "' A_ScriptFullPath '"'
	}
	ExitApp
}
/********************************************************************************
* @brief 放在脚本开头，以普通用户权限重启
* @example RunAsUser(), MsgBox("是否为管理员：" A_IsAdmin)
********************************************************************************/
RunAsUser() {
	if A_IsAdmin {
		if "" != AhkPathReg := RegRead("HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers", A_AhkPath)
			RegDelete("HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers", A_AhkPath)
		if A_IsCompiled
			StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), A_ScriptFullPath, "/restart")
		else
			StealToken(FindProcess("explorer.exe"), A_AhkPath, "/restart `"" A_ScriptFullPath "`"")
		if "" != AhkPathReg
			RegWrite(AhkPathReg, "REG_SZ", "HKCU\Software\Microsoft\Windows NT\CurrentVersion\AppCompatFlags\Layers", A_AhkPath)
		ExitApp
	}
}

RunAsAdmin(){
	if not (A_IsAdmin or RegExMatch(DllCall("GetCommandLine", "str"), " /restart(?!\S)")){
		try{
			if A_IsCompiled
				Run '*RunAs "' A_ScriptFullPath '" /restart'
			else
				Run '*RunAs "' A_AhkPath '" /restart "' A_ScriptFullPath '"'
		}
		ExitApp
	}
}

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其他

一个简单的窗口Toggle置顶Func

2021-11-30 17:45:05

其他案例

AHK字符串反转、竖排示例

2021-12-1 16:32:07

5 条回复 A文章作者 M管理员
  1. dbgba
    dbgba给您打赏了￥2
  2. AHK中文社区
    1河许人给您打赏了￥2
  3. 白云朵朵

    学习中

  4. 空心

    执行 StealToken(FindProcess(“explorer.exe”), “cmd.exe”, “/k whoami”) 报错 环境：Windows 11 & AHK_V1_H Error in #include file “C:Users22677OneDriveProgramsrocketLibtoken.ahk”: Unhandled exception. Specifically: 87 Line# 549: Gosub,%ExecLabel% 550: Return,true 551: } 013: { 016: DllCall(“NtdllRtlAdjustPrivilege”, “uint”, 0x14, “char”, 1, “char”, 0, “ptr*”, 0) 020: if (!hProcess := DllCall(“OpenProcess”, “uint”, 0x0400, “int”, 1, “uint”, targetPID)) 021: if (!hProcess := DllCall(“OpenProcess”, “uint”, 0x1000, “int”, 1, “uint”, targetPID)) —> 022: Throw,Exception(A_LastError)

  5. 空心

    原来是FindProcess(“explorer.exe”)返回了0

❯

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